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马斯克向杰·雷诺展示 SpaceX 火箭|Jay Leno's Garage 完整集

Elon Musk Shows Jay Leno His SpaceX Rockets | Jay Leno's Garage Full Episode

中文精读由 AI 基于原始视频与文稿改写,非官方翻译,可能存在偏差或错误;表述以原视频为准。说明

每次聊到火星,总有人问同一个问题:地球上还有这么多烂摊子,为什么要把钱和人往另一个星球送?

马斯克在《Jay Leno's Garage》里的回答,跟大多数人预期的不一样。他明确否认这是逃跑计划。

即使我们百分之百确定地球永远没事,你愿意永远待在这里吗?我们骨子里有没有那股冒险的冲动,想出去看看宇宙的其余部分,想搞清楚外面到底有什么,说不定还能遇上别的文明?如果想,我们就必须成为多行星物种。(马斯克)

这期节目 2022 年 9 月播出,录制地点在德州布朗斯维尔郊外的 SpaceX Starbase,也就是星舰基地。杰·雷诺(Jay Leno)跟着马斯克从总装车间走到发射塔,从星舰飞船走到超级重型助推器,中间聊了可复用火箭、制造成本、专利、监管、火星城市的人口规模,还有为什么偏偏选在这片靠海的盐碱地。

马斯克说话语速快,经常一句话里塞三个数字,但这次他罕见地有耐心,愿意把工程细节掰开讲。以下是他在这期节目里给出的完整论证。

火箭现在的样子,相当于飞机飞一次就坠毁

雷诺站在厂房里,看着一枚枚已经飞过又飞回来的助推器,问了个很朴素的问题:为什么以前没人做可复用火箭?

马斯克的回答用了一个飞机类比,这个类比在整期节目里反复出现,因为它是理解 SpaceX 全部商业逻辑的钥匙。

现在的火箭,就像你坐飞机到了目的地,跳伞下去,然后飞机坠毁。火箭一直是这么工作的。(马斯克)

他说,你不可能坐一次飞机就把它扔掉,那样机票会贵到没人买得起。火箭行业过去几十年就是这个状态,每一次发射都是一次性消耗掉几亿美元的硬件。

所以 SpaceX 要做的,是火箭界的"飞机化":落地、加注推进剂、再起飞。

雷诺追问,每次飞行后需要翻修多少?马斯克的回答很干脆:快速、完全复用。落地之后加完推进剂就能再飞,像飞机过站一样,加完油就走。检查三个月才敢再飞的那种节奏,从来不在目标里。

这个目标听起来简单,工程上难度极高。发动机要能承受多次点火,箭体结构要能反复承受应力,热防护要能扛住再入大气层的高温,同时还得保证运载能力不打折。马斯克说,这是火箭领域"圣杯"级别的发明,没有它,人类就成不了多行星物种。

到太空容易,到轨道难一百倍

节目里插了一段科普动画,解释一个大多数人容易混淆的概念。

把东西送到"太空",也就是卡门线以上 62 英里(约 100 公里),其实不难。难的是送到"轨道"。

低地球轨道大概在 100 到 1200 英里高度,要上去,光有高度不够,还得有足够快的水平速度,快到离心力能抵消重力,物体才不会掉回大气层烧掉。这个速度大约是每秒 7.8 公里。

马斯克的原话是:

到太空很容易,到轨道比到太空难一百倍。(马斯克)

差别在于推进剂。把载荷举上去只是第一步,还得把它加速到那个速度,而且全程都得带着足够的燃料。齐奥尔科夫斯基公式摆在那里,每多一点速度,燃料需求就指数级上升。

这也解释了为什么可复用火箭这么难。一次性火箭可以为了性能把结构做到极限,反正用完就扔。可复用火箭得在结构里留出着陆燃料、着陆腿、热防护的余量,还要保证箭体能活着回来。性能、重量、复用性三者互相拉扯,任何一项改动都会牵动其他两项。

造火箭比设计火箭难,难得多

节目里有一段对话,马斯克说得特别用力,值得单独拎出来。

雷诺说,你是少数几个会认真谈制造的人。马斯克接话:

制造比设计难得多。有句老话说,百分之一的灵感,百分之九十九的汗水。我觉得实际上是百分之九十九点九的汗水。在美国,我们低估了制造业的价值。制造业极其重要,是根本性的,也是非常难做的事。(马斯克)

他举了个例子。造一枚火箭的原型很容易,造一大批一模一样的火箭才是真正的挑战。

当时 Starbase 的节奏是每个月下线一枚星舰,几年之内要提到每三天一枚。雷诺听到这个数字愣了一下,确认了一遍:"每三天?"马斯克说,对。

为了说明制造效率的意义,马斯克提了迈凯伦。F1 那台车的碳纤维单体壳,当年要 2000 小时才能做出来。到了 P1,同样类型的部件只要 90 分钟。这就是制造工艺进步带来的数量级差异。

他还引了二战的历史。美国能赢,除了士兵素质,靠的是底特律附近的威洛伦工厂每小时下线一架轰炸机,生产速度快过德国人击落的速度。

这个类比放在火箭上,逻辑是一样的:如果一枚火箭要造三个月,火星计划永远只是纸上谈兵;如果能三天造一枚,整个经济模型就变了。

一千艘船,一百万人,二十年

节目里给出了火星计划的具体数字,这些数字撑起了整期访谈信息密度最高的部分。

马斯克说,要在火星上建一座能自我维持的城市,大概需要一千枚星舰。所谓自我维持,定义很严格:如果地球的补给因为任何原因中断,这座城不能死掉。

为什么是一千枚?因为地球和火星的轨道窗口每两年才对齐一次,只有那时候发射才最省燃料。

算一笔账:一千艘船,每艘装一百人,一个窗口期能送十万人过去。二十年下来,累计一百万人。马斯克认为,一百万人大约就是一座自维持火星城市的人口门槛。

他还提到,每艘船在窗口期内可以每天发射一次,甚至一天多次。前提是复用做到位。

至于载人之前要飞多少次,马斯克的估计是数百次。

我觉得载人之前会飞几百次。而且当我们三天造一枚的时候,这个数字很快就会攒够。(马斯克)

换句话说,可靠性得靠实际飞行次数堆出来,地面测试堆不出这个数。这也是 SpaceX 一贯的做法:先飞,炸了再改,改完再飞。

火箭里八成是液氧,两成是甲烷

太空里没有空气,所以氧化剂必须自己带。马斯克解释了星舰的推进剂配方。

按质量算,火箭里大约 80% 是液氧,20% 出头是液态甲烷(CH4)。甲烷是结构最简单的碳氢化合物,燃烧干净,不容易在发动机里积碳,也方便在火星上用萨巴蒂尔反应就地制备。

更关键的一点是过冷。SpaceX 把液氧和液态甲烷都冷却到低于它们正常沸点的温度,让液体密度变大、体积缩小,同样的储箱就能装更多推进剂。这是星舰运力提升的重要来源之一。

马斯克还顺带科普了一句:大多数人不知道,航空煤油其实就是煤油。猎鹰九号用的梅林发动机烧的是精炼煤油加液氧,星舰用的猛禽发动机烧的是甲烷加液氧。甲烷比煤油效率更高,也更适合复用。

这里有个技术脉络值得理清。梅林是 SpaceX 的第一代发动机,结构相对简单,用煤油。猛禽是第二代,用甲烷,采用了全流量分级燃烧循环,是全世界第一台投入实际使用的同类发动机。马斯克在节目里说,猛禽是"有史以来最先进的发动机,按任何标准都是"。

三十三台发动机,人根本来不及操作

超级重型助推器高 230 英尺(约 70 米),底部装着 33 台猛禽发动机,每台推力 50 万磅。

马斯克解释了布局:外圈 20 台固定不动,内圈 13 台可以摆动,用来控制火箭姿态。

雷诺问,宇航员怎么操纵?马斯克的回答让现场安静了一下:

全自动,地面控制。人来不及操作,每秒要做的调整太多了。(马斯克)

有个事实容易被忽略。土星五号时代,宇航员还有一定的手动控制权限。到了星舰这一代,飞行控制完全交给计算机,人只负责监控和应急决策。这跟信不信任人无关,物理上就不允许。

33 台发动机同时工作,任何一台出问题,剩下的要实时重新分配推力、调整重心,这套计算量人手根本跟不上。

星舰组合体的总推力是土星五号的 2.5 倍。土星五号是人类历史上推力量级最大的入轨火箭,而星舰要比它强一倍半。加上可复用和每三天一枚的产能,马斯克说,这个系统最终的能力会是土星五号计划的几千倍。

用机械臂接住火箭

发射塔是 Starbase 最容易让人停下来拍照的东西。两条巨大的机械臂,官方名字叫 Mechazilla,网友叫它"机械哥斯拉"。

马斯克解释了它的用途:把助推器吊到发射台上,再把飞船吊到助推器顶上;火箭回来的时候,用这两条臂接住助推器,放回发射台,再接住飞船,放回助推器上。

整个流程听起来像在堆积木,只不过每块积木有几十层楼高、几百吨重。

马斯克自己也没把话说满:

这个从来没做过。我觉得能成,但可能要试几次。(马斯克)

这种表态在航天行业里算相当坦率。传统航天机构的习惯是把风险藏起来,等成功了再公布。SpaceX 的做法是把失败过程全程直播,炸了也播。马斯克显然认为,公开失败的成本远低于藏着掖着带来的信任损耗。

专利是给弱者准备的

节目里有个转折点,雷诺问马斯克,星舰用的 300 系列不锈钢,有没有申请专利。

马斯克的回答很直接:

我们不申请专利。我不在乎专利。我们把很多专利开源了,谁都能用。专利是给弱者准备的。(马斯克)

他接着说,专利通常被当成封锁手段,就像在战场上埋地雷。它们不推动技术进步,只是阻止别人跟上来。而且大部分专利是扯淡。

这段话在节目播出后被剪成短视频传得很广,因为反差感太强。一个靠技术领先吃饭的人,公开说不在乎专利保护。

逻辑其实自洽。SpaceX 的护城河在工程能力、制造速度和人才密度,法律文件撑不起这道墙。专利能防住抄袭图纸的人,防不住能把火箭造成这样的人。开源专利反而能加速整个行业的技术扩散,把供应链和人才池一起做大。

特斯拉当年也做过类似的事,2014 年宣布开放所有专利。当时很多人不理解,后来发现真正的壁垒在电池成本曲线和超级工厂的产能,那几百份专利文件从来挡不住人。

每年多一堆法规,最后什么都做不了

聊到 Starbase 的建设速度,雷诺问了一句监管和审批的事,马斯克的回答罕见地带了点悲观。

我们该担心的是,规则和法规每年都在增加。过去战争会清除掉糟糕的法规,但我们显然不希望用战争来清除法规。没有战争的话,每年法律和监管都更多一点,最终我们什么都做不了。所以要小心过度监管,它最终会限制文明的进步。(马斯克)

这段话放在 2022 年的语境里,指的是 SpaceX 在德州 Boca Chica 扩建时遇到的环评、野生动物保护、海岸线使用许可等一系列审批。星舰第一次轨道试飞被推迟了好几次,被推迟的原因大多落在许可上,技术问题反倒是少数。

马斯克的观点可以概括成一句话:监管的成本是复利的。每一年多几条规则,看起来不多,但规则之间会互相叠加,二十年后创新者面对的可能是一张无法穿越的网。

他并没有主张取消监管,原话是"要小心过度监管",措辞比很多人转述的版本温和,意思却很明确。

为什么是德州这片盐碱地

节目里雷诺问,为什么把基地建在这么偏的地方。

马斯克给了三个条件,缺一不可。

第一,必须偏远。火箭是巨大的机器,有时候会爆炸,不能建在人口密集区旁边。

第二,必须靠海。

第三,必须朝东,而且要偏南一点。

朝东是因为地球自转。从西向东发射,火箭能借上地球自转的速度,省燃料。靠海是因为万一出事,残骸掉进海里,不会砸到人。

Starbase 的位置正好卡在这三个条件的交集上:德州最南端,墨西哥湾西岸,纬度低,朝东就是开阔海面。

基地占地一百多英亩,2014 年动工,2016 年装第一座跟踪天线,2018 年第一个推进剂储罐到场,2019 年 Starhopper 原型机完成首次试飞,2020 年 3 月现场已经有 500 多人 24 小时轮班,2021 年星舰完成首次成功试飞。马斯克说,过去两年他大概有一半时间住在这边的小村子里,盯着基地建设。

汽车厂和火箭厂互相抄作业

雷诺问,特斯拉的经验有多少被搬到了 SpaceX。

马斯克的回答指向两个行业的互补性:

汽车行业非常擅长制造,火箭行业擅长先进材料和轻量化。交叉授粉最有用的地方就在这里:把汽车的制造技术用到火箭上,把火箭的材料和设计用到车上。(马斯克)

具体例子节目里没展开,但能对上号的不少。特斯拉的一体化压铸来自对大型结构件制造的理解,SpaceX 的不锈钢箭体来自对成本和材料性能的重新权衡。两边共享的除了工程师,还有一整套"怎么把东西造得又快又便宜"的方法论。

马斯克在节目里说了一句挺有意思的话:以前美国车企里说话的是"来自会计部的鲍勃"和"来自法务部的吉姆",现在都是工程师在做决定,他们懂工程的价值。

火星上可能会死人,但这件事本身值得做

节目接近尾声,气氛沉下来。马斯克没有回避风险。

火星上的生活是艰难、危险的,可能会有人死。问题根本上是,我们要不要成为多行星物种。(马斯克)

他接着说了一段在别处也讲过、但每次讲都值得重听的话:

这跟逃离地球、逃去火星无关。我们是有冒险的冲动,想出去看看宇宙的其余部分,想知道外面有什么,也许还能遇到别的文明。我们想让科幻永远不会变成虚构。如果想,我们就得成为多行星物种,然后从那里再走向多恒星物种,抵达其他星系。(马斯克)

有人会说,先把地球上的问题解决好,再谈火星。马斯克的回应是,这两件事不冲突。成为多行星物种本身就是好的,不需要用地球上的进步来合理化。

他给了一个时间尺度很大的判断:

最终会有某种东西把我们干掉。可能是一百年后,可能是一百万年后。但总会有。问题归结起来是:我们想让文明困在地球上,直到最终熄灭,还是想走出去,理解现实的本质?有比日常生活里那些琐碎更重要的事情值得我们考虑。(马斯克)

这段话在节目里没有被剪掉,也没有配煽情的音乐。雷诺听完只是点了点头,说了句"对,对"。

节目剩下的部分也在讲同一件事

这期节目不只有马斯克。另外几个板块拼在一起,其实构成了一条完整的叙事线:电动化、制造效率、技术扩散。

滑板传奇托尼·霍克(Tony Hawk)带来了一台 1964 年的科尔维特 Stingray 敞篷车。原厂的 327 立方英寸 V8 被拆掉,换成一台后置的特斯拉 Model S 小型驱动电机,300 马力,2270 磅英尺扭矩,改装花了 7 万美元。

霍克说,他保留了所有原厂零件,车架没切过,随时能改回去。他还说了一句挺妙的话:以后孙子问起来,就说"爷爷不小心把它改成电动的了"。

喜剧演员皮克·纳塔罗(Pic Nataro)带雷诺看了一台 80 万美元的 LTI Earthworm 房车。福特 F550 底盘,330 马力 6.7 升 10 速涡轮柴油发动机,全碳纤维车厢,11000 瓦时锂电池加车顶太阳能,95 加仑柴油箱,100 加仑饮用水。雷诺一边看一边吐槽"这不算硬核",然后被拉去越野路段颠了一路。

Tech Talk 环节展示的是 2022 款宝马 iX Flow,车身覆盖电子墨水膜,通电就能在黑白之间变色。原理是膜里的数百万个微胶囊,里面装着带不同电荷的颜料颗粒,加电场就能翻转。雷诺开玩笑说,这玩意儿要是能用在衣服上,他就能一键从牛仔裤切换到燕尾服。

最后是 Donald Osborne 带来的三台经典车估值。1965 年谢尔比 GT350,五年前 42.5 万美元,现在至少 50 万;1963 年科尔维特分体窗 coupe,从 20 万涨到 27.5 万;1970 年保时捷 914/6,从 9.5 万涨到 16 万。

这些板块看起来跟马斯克没关系,其实共享同一个底层逻辑:技术一旦跨过某个成本门槛,就会从奢侈品变成日用品。电动科尔维特、太阳能房车、变色车身,都是同一个方向的产物。

把马斯克这期访谈拆开,能拿走的几条判断

整期节目里,马斯克避开了宏大叙事,谈的全是很具体的工程和成本问题。把这些具体问题串起来,能看到一套一致的方法论。

  • 用制造成本倒推设计。 先定成本目标,再倒推材料和结构。星舰选 300 系列不锈钢,看中的是便宜、好焊、供应链成熟,性能排在成本和可焊性后面。这个顺序一旦反过来,成本就会失控。
  • 可复用的价值在数量级上。 一枚火箭用一次和用一百次,差了 99% 的成本,也差出整个商业模型的可能性。评估任何技术投入时,先问它能不能把某个环节从"一次性"变成"可循环"。
  • 把跨行业迁移做成常规动作。 汽车制造业的流水线经验搬到火箭厂,火箭的轻量化材料搬到车上。这种交叉不需要天才,需要的是让两个团队经常见面。
  • 对专利保持清醒。 专利能防住抄图纸的人,防不住能把东西造出来的人。真正的壁垒在产能、良率和人才密度。该开源的时候开源,能换来更快的行业扩散和更大的人才池。
  • 把监管成本算进项目预算。 与其抱怨监管,不如提前预估审批周期,把它当成和研发并列的一条关键路径。很多项目最后死在许可上,技术关卡反倒先过了。
  • 给失败留预算。 星舰第一次试飞前,马斯克自己说"很可能会炸"。把失败写进计划,比假装不会失败更接近现实。
  • 用物理定律判断可行性,不用行业惯例。 马斯克那句"只要不违反物理定律,就能做到",听起来像口号,其实是个筛选器。行业惯例说做不到的事,先问它在物理上是否被禁止。如果没有,剩下的就是工程和成本问题。

这期节目最值得记住的,大概是马斯克站在一堆飞回来的火箭残骸旁边说的那句话:这些看起来有使用痕迹的东西,才是一台真正在工作的机器该有的样子。

火箭不该是一次性的烟花。这个判断,比火星本身更早会改变世界。

语音识别自动转录(Whisper),含全部发言人,可能有识别错误。

0:02Even if we're sure Earth would be fine forever, do you want to be here forever?

0:05Do we have a spurt of adventure? Do we want to go out there and see the rest of the universe?

0:10Do we want to find out what's out there?

0:11Maybe meet some alien civilizations. And if so, we need to be a multi-planet species.

0:16That's the next step, and then we can go from there to being a multi-stellar species.

0:21Tonight on J-LONG's Garage, we're getting ready to put the engines on.

0:24A little different than doing an engine swap with the garage.

0:27I meet up with one of the greatest innovators of all time.

0:30Wow.

0:31Elon Musk, and he's giving us an exclusive behind-the-scenes tour

0:35of a spectacular SpaceX Starbase facility.

0:38You built this whole thing in two years.

0:40Yeah.

0:41He'll show us how he's turning his sci-fi dreams of human life

0:44on Mars into an incredible and attainable reality.

0:48We're making one of these every three days.

0:49Really? Yeah.

0:50And that's not all.

0:51Because Elon's innovation have also made the ordinary

0:54for even more exciting.

0:55Skateboard legend Tony Hawk swings by the show

0:58with his Tesla-powered retro mod Stingray Corvette.

1:01Let's use some more electrons.

1:03Ah!

1:04Then if you really can't get to Mars or don't have the time,

1:06comedian-actors take Nataro and I

1:08show you how to go to a valley far, far away

1:11in an unbelievably futuristic state-of-the-art RV.

1:14I think it was just a matter of time

1:15before we ended up in bed together.

1:18Now things might get a little dangerous.

1:19The social technology in here, this guy,

1:21I'm hoping to blow up.

1:22But trust me, it's going to be great.

1:25How many guys say that?

1:27I wouldn't know, not my real health.

1:35Fans of this show, no, it's not just all about

1:37the amazing cars we showcase.

1:39All of the compelling people who drive them.

1:41I want to talk about cars, look at cars, drive cars,

1:44read about cars.

1:45What was the first vehicle you bought?

1:47The Audi Fox.

1:48A sensible car.

1:53I like speed.

1:54Draw your brakes.

1:55It's also about all the incredible innovators

1:58who keep on changing the car game and the way we live.

2:01Like my first guest,

2:03who has graciously invited us all down for visit

2:05to a state-of-the-art SpaceX launch facility

2:08outside Brownfield, Texas.

2:10I'm here at Starbase talking with Elon.

2:12Good to see you again, my friend.

2:13Hi, good to see you.

2:16Now, it's not often you meet up

2:17with the richest man in the world,

2:18but Elon Musk and I have some history.

2:20He came by the garage with his very first

2:23electric roadster way back when?

2:256,831 batteries, is that what it is?

2:28Yeah.

2:28And let's just say his ladies and parents

2:30on this show was super boring.

2:32Say, how are we?

2:33I think you're looking good on this side.

2:35OK, here we go.

2:36Is he what I did there?

2:38Now, when he's not upending the auto industry

2:40with high performance electric cars and trucks,

2:42busy building tunnels below cities or hosting SNL,

2:45he's over at SpaceX pushing the limits of auto space

2:48and technology.

2:50In fact, thanks to their tireless pursuit of reusable rockets,

2:53life on Mars may come much sooner than we think,

2:56especially if Elon has anything to say about it.

3:03This is very inspiring, because that is one of those people

3:06I was all in the space race and then we just walked away from it.

3:09And now it's back and all these kids are here doing this because of you.

3:14I knew their inspiration.

3:15That's got to feel good.

3:16Yeah, I mean, I think we've got an incredible team and we're making great progress here.

3:20We're trying to achieve the holy grail of rocketry, which is a fully and rapidly reusable rocket.

3:25No one has ever made a fully reusable orbital rocket and never one that could be rapidly

3:29reflown like an aircraft.

3:30And that is actually the essential sort of invention, if you will, that is necessary

3:34to make humanity a multiplayer species.

3:36And it seems like common sense.

3:38I mean, you wouldn't get in a plane fly at once,

3:40and then wreck it and then build a round of people.

3:42Yeah, yeah.

3:43Yeah, like the current, the way that rockets used to be

3:47would be like if you put a plane,

3:48and then over your destination,

3:49you jump out of the parachute,

3:51and then the plane crashes.

3:52Right.

3:53And that's actually how rockets work.

3:54Why do you think it was not done before?

3:56I mean, it's a very hard engineering problem.

3:59You need a lot of advancements on the engines,

4:02the airframe, the heat shield, and all of the technologies

4:05that go into the rocket in order to have it be reusable,

4:08but still get payload to orbit.

4:10Right.

4:11Getting to space is easy.

4:12Right.

4:13But getting to orbit is 100 times harder than getting to space.

4:15Really?

4:16Yeah.

4:17Confused?

4:18Let me try to explain.

4:19First things first.

4:21It's hard to release space to Shostomir 62 miles

4:24above the Earth.

4:25Yeah, few miles and say a round trip

4:27drives to the nearest Outland Mall.

4:30but what we call low orbit sits at around 100 to 1200 miles up

4:34and is way harder to achieve,

4:36primarily because it takes a lot more propellant

4:39to not only get there, but to maintain enough speed

4:42to stay up in orbit.

4:44And if an object can't maintain a fast enough orbital velocity,

4:47it'll eventually fall back into our atmosphere

4:49and probably burn up on re-entry.

4:52And since the current price for launching

4:53a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket is $97 million,

4:58we definitely don't want that.

4:59These have been reused, these ones here, correct?

5:02Some of them, yeah.

5:03I like the patina of it because it just has a look

5:07of a vehicle in use, you know?

5:09They look like they've been into space.

5:11Yeah, yeah.

5:12The whole thing is built on site here, isn't it?

5:14Yes.

5:14We built them in these high base here

5:17and in the sort of factory behind that high base.

5:19But the public isn't really aware of this

5:21and I think this would be just a good thing

5:23to educate people on.

5:25It's just how absolutely fundamental it is

5:27to make a fully reusable rocket.

5:29Right. It's profound.

5:31Going back to the aircraft analogy we were talking about.

5:34If you had to throw an airplane away after every flight,

5:37it would be so expensive that nobody could fly.

5:39But see, that's why I love the passion that you have.

5:42Because most people need a financial position.

5:45They would have beots and racing cars and places

5:48on the Caribbean and whatnot.

5:49But you put it all into this, don't you?

5:51Yeah, I live here.

5:52I actually ran a house from SpaceX

5:54in the little village over there.

5:56I spent about half my time over the past two years just getting this place built.

6:00Yeah, I mean, I think it's just incredible.

6:03Now the SpaceX Starbase sits on just over 100 a.s. of land right on the western edge of the

6:08Gulf of Mexico.

6:09And a lot has happened here at Starbase since the first broke ground way back in 2014.

6:15The first tracking antenna was installed in 2016 and the first propellant tank arrived

6:20in 2018.

6:21In 2019, they successfully tested and flew the first prototype test vehicle, Dub Starhopper.

6:27And as of March 2020, Starbase had over 500 people on site working here 24-7 on the incredible

6:35third-generation SpaceX vehicle, Starship, which had its first successful test flight,

6:402021.

6:41Now, this is the most impressive thing I've ever seen.

6:45So, this is our Starship.

6:47This is what goes all the way to orbit.

6:48sits on top of the booster. Right. The ship is about 165 feet full. I don't think anybody has any idea

6:55how big this is. Yeah, it's a 30-footin diameter on the inside. Yeah, because when you see it on TV,

7:01you're watching it from a half a mile away. Yeah. I mean, you're sending the Empire State

7:05building into outer space basically. Yeah, it's a gigantic building. In fact, the payload area has

7:11more volume than a 747. Wow. So we can get closer if you want. Yes, can we get a little closer?

7:16You don't have to get too close to realize that the SpaceX Starship is an absolute technological

7:21marvel.

7:22The complete rocket consists of the booster stage below with the sleek looking and state-of-the-art

7:27Starship spacecraft on top, which is constructed with a specially formulated stainless steel

7:32body.

7:33And simply put, it's the tallest and most powerful rocket ever built.

7:39Plus it's reusable, which means huge savings on launch costs and more money for, say,

7:44launches.

7:46Ooh, that looks good.

7:47But amazing design aside, the real magic at SpaceX

7:51is in the manufacturing.

7:52You're the only person I've heard talk eloquently

7:55about the actual manufacturing,

7:56because that's the hard part.

7:58Anybody can draw a rocket.

7:59Yeah, manufacturing is by far harder than the design.

8:03I mean, there's an old saying,

8:04it's like 1% inspiration, 99% phosphoration.

8:07I think it might actually be 99.9% phosphoration.

8:11Actually, in America, I'd say we underweight

8:13value of manufacturing.

8:14Right.

8:15Manufacturers is extremely important, fundamental, and a very difficult thing to do.

8:18Even making prototypes of the rocket is easy compared to manufacturing a whole bunch of

8:24them.

8:25So we're gearing up to make one of these per month, and then within a few years, we're

8:28making one of these every three days.

8:30Really?

8:31Yeah.

8:32You know, I always say we won World War II, not necessarily because we had the best soldiers

8:34which we did, but we were able to make a bomber every hour at a willow run.

8:39I mean, we actually built planes faster

8:42than the Germans could shoot them down.

8:44And there's still an awful lot of hand work on these, isn't it?

8:47It's men with welding equipment and tools

8:51and putting a rocket together, isn't it?

8:53I mean, there is quite a bit of automation.

8:55So we use lasers like Laser Weld for all the larger wells.

9:00It's a machine doing a very precise laser weld.

9:03And what you want to do here is build what?

9:04A total of 1,000 rockets?

9:06How many rockets are needed to create

9:08self-sustaining civilization on Mars is probably on the order of a thousand.

9:12So you can only go to Mars every two years.

9:13Hold on a second. Two years? Well that's right because every two years Earth and Mars are

9:18orbitally aligned to allow for the shortest route between them.

9:22Okay Elon, take it away.

9:24So if you've got a thousand ships, if you're able to put a hundred people on that ship,

9:27that'll be a hundred thousand people every two years.

9:30And say it'd take you 20 years to get to a million people.

9:33And figure, I don't know, about a million people is probably what you need to create a self-sustaining city on Mars.

9:37Well, that's why I love you. I always think big. I remember talking to you years ago about trains,

9:42and I was saying, you know, 200-mile-hour train, he said, no, no, no.

9:45Mine'll be 800 miles an hour. I mean, you're always thinking that next step ahead, which I love.

9:51As long as one is not breaking the laws of physics, it can be done.

9:54And the SpaceX team is using those laws of physics combined with all new manufacturing innovations

9:59to build the most efficient and powerful reusable rockets ever made.

10:04The Starship is two and a half times the thrust of a Saturn V.

10:06Wow.

10:07The 75 was the largest rocket ever to reach orbit, and this is two and a half times more

10:11power than that.

10:12And one a month, and they're meant to be reusable, we're talking about something that

10:16ultimately as a system is thousands of times more capable than the Saturn V program.

10:21Boy, that's, yeah, that's amazing.

10:23When stacked and fully fueled, the Starship and Bustamod roll together weigh around 11

10:28million pounds.

10:29And it's 30 feet wide and 390 feet high.

10:33It's also taller than the Saturn V rocket by around 30 feet.

10:36And of course, like any rocket bound for the depths of space,

10:39it's going to need fuel.

10:41A lot of fuel.

10:42Because there's no air in space, you actually

10:44have to carry your oxygen with you.

10:45The rocket is almost 80% oxygen.

10:48And then the fuel is the simplest hydrocarbon, which

10:50is methane, CH4.

10:52So it's liquid oxygen and liquid methane.

10:54And what is the ratio?

10:56It's almost 80% oxygen by mass, and just over 20% liquid methane.

11:01And we also subcooled the liquid oxygen and liquid methane.

11:05So they're actually even colder than their initial liquid point.

11:09And this increases the density.

11:12So as you cool them, even as liquids, they shrink,

11:15you can get more propellant on the vehicle.

11:17This is intended to be the first ship to attempt

11:20to reach orbit.

11:21There's so much new technology in here.

11:22There's good chance the whole thing just blows up.

11:24But we have another ship behind that, another booster behind that.

11:27If the first one doesn't work, we'll fix the issue,

11:28and we'll launch again.

11:29So by the time this is stacked on the launch pad,

11:32we'll have a second ship waiting.

11:34And how many things would you test

11:36before you do human cargo?

11:38I think we'd have hundreds of flights before we did.

11:40Oh, okay.

11:41Yeah, probably hundreds.

11:43But when you're building one every three days,

11:44that's gonna happen pretty quick.

11:46And each one that we build can be launched daily,

11:49if not multiple times a day.

11:51I remember we talked once, you had an F1 McLaren,

11:53and when that came out, it was 2000 hours

11:56to make the carbon fiber tub.

11:58And then now the P1, it's 90 minutes.

12:01Wow.

12:02So it's that same type of manufacturing efficiency

12:04you're looking for.

12:05Yes, manufacturing efficiency is essential.

12:08And the fact that all this was done

12:10in just a two year period.

12:12Yeah, we're getting ready to put the engines on.

12:14Yeah, a little different than doing the engines

12:16swapping the garage.

12:18Well, we can take a look at the booster as well.

12:21Yeah, let's see that.

12:22Coming up.

12:23We explore more of the SpaceX Starbase

12:25where Elon will show us how he's giving the future of space travel one great big

12:29boost. The astronauts are they staring it is all done on the ground from here. It's

12:34automatic no parallel parking is out of the way. And later comedian Tigna Taro and

12:39I go roughing it back on earth and a fantastic new RV so amazing it would

12:43leave even the most ardent camper speechless. Well gosh, wow. Today we've been

12:54touring this spectacular SpaceX Starbase facility located down in Texas with one

12:59of today's true visionaries, the incomparable Elon Musk.

13:03But you built this whole thing in two years.

13:06Yeah.

13:07When we left off, Elon explained how manufacturing

13:10a usable rocket is a major hurdle.

13:12So making one rocket sound like a walk in the park

13:15in order to realize Elon's dream of making humanity

13:17a multi-planet species, the reusable rocket manufacturing

13:21process must be absolutely cost effective.

13:24Something I've heard you talk about,

13:25which I've never heard anybody else talk about,

13:27is cost per ton.

13:29The point here with the cost per ton is not

13:31like some mercantile sort of, you know,

13:33business-y thing, but really from a practical standpoint,

13:36what level of resources is necessary to get enough mass

13:39and enough people to Mars to have a self-sustaining city.

13:43And the self-sustaining thing is part is important.

13:45If the structures from Earth stop coming for any reason,

13:48the city can't die out.

13:49Right, right.

13:50That's a very important threshold.

13:51Right now, the cost per ton of payload to Mars

13:56is over a billion dollars.

13:57in order for a self-sustaining city to be created,

14:00we need to improve that by probably 10,000 times.

14:03So 100,000 per ton.

14:04Yes.

14:05Well, that would be an improvement.

14:06How do you get that cost out?

14:08Reusability is essential.

14:09That's the key to it.

14:10Yeah, OK.

14:10How much rebuildability is necessary after one use?

14:15No, I'm going to say it's going to be rapid and complete

14:17reuse.

14:18It lands, you refold propellant, and you take off.

14:20Really?

14:21Just like at least you own the car.

14:22Yes.

14:23Wow.

14:24But just the tad more expensive.

14:26Oh, and your mileage may vary.

14:29Now, if you thought the Starship module was stunning,

14:31wait until you behold the Super Heavy Booster.

14:34Standing at 230 feet tall, the booster

14:37is the bottom module of a complete rocket

14:39and does all the heavy lifting to get the Starship into space.

14:43Like the Starship, the SpaceX Super Heavy Booster

14:45is made of a specially made, high-grade, stainless steel.

14:49Each booster is equipped with 33 incredibly powerful

14:52Raptor rocket engines capable of delivering

14:55half a million pounds of thrust each.

14:57And to deliver the payload necessary

14:59to make the mission a success,

15:01they need every bit of it.

15:03So the first engine we developed

15:05is called the Merlin engine.

15:06Right.

15:06That uses basically a refined form

15:09of jet fuel and oxygen.

15:11It's a much simpler engine than the Raptor.

15:13Methane is a more powerful fuel than,

15:15Methane is a more efficient fuel than kerosene,

15:19which is jet fuel.

15:20Most people don't rise, jet fuel is just kerosene.

15:22Right, yeah.

15:23All the engines are identical power or...

15:25Yeah.

15:26And they move, don't they?

15:27So there's 20 engines on the outside

15:29and they don't move.

15:31The 13 engines on the inside

15:33do move to steer the rocket.

15:35Okay.

15:35Now the astronauts, are they steering it?

15:38It's all done on the ground from here.

15:40No, it's automatic.

15:41It's on autopilot.

15:42Okay, all autopilot.

15:43Yeah, you can't steer it.

15:44It's too...

15:45Yeah, yeah, yeah.

15:46By as too many adjustments per second.

15:48No parallel parking is not the word.

15:50Yep.

15:51And speaking of parallel parking, another crucial technological innovation SpaceX has developed

15:56is a gargantuan two-arm tower, officially known as Megazillion.

16:03In order to achieve a full and rapid reusability with the rocket, we need to be able to place

16:07the rocket onto the launch stand quickly, or place the booster on, then place the ship

16:11on top of the booster, and then when they come back, we need to catch the booster with

16:16the giant mechazula arms and put it on back on the launch stand and then catch the ship

16:21and put it back on the booster.

16:23So we built this giant mechazula tower to be able to lift and catch these gigantic rocket

16:28parts.

16:29It's never been done before.

16:30So I think it'll work, but it might take a few tries.

16:34And Elon's optimism is not unfounded because for every SpaceX misstep, and there's been

16:38a few, they've had a far greater number of successes.

16:42by creating the first privately funded liquid propellant rocket to reach orbit,

16:47the first private company to launch orbit and recover a spacecraft,

16:50the first vertical takeoff and propulsive landing of an orbital rocket,

16:54and the first private company to send astronauts into orbit, among many, many others.

17:00But all of these milestones are essential steps in order for Elon to achieve his ultimate goal of colonizing Mars.

17:07But it's important to remember that when paving the way for others, there's always an inherent risk.

17:16I'd say life in Mars is difficult, dangerous,

17:18somebody might, you know, people might die.

17:20It's just fundamentally, are we gonna become

17:22a multi-planet species or not?

17:24Even if we're sure Earth would be fine forever,

17:27do you wanna be here forever?

17:29I think we wanna be a space-braying civilization.

17:31It's not like let's escape to Mars.

17:33Do we have a spurt of adventure?

17:35Do we wanna go out there and see the rest of the universe?

17:37Do we wanna find out what's out there

17:39and maybe meet some alien civilizations?

17:41Do we want science fiction to not be fiction forever?

17:44And if so, we need to be a multi-planet species.

17:47That's the next step, and then we can go from there

17:50to being a multi-stellar species,

17:52and get to other star systems.

17:54I disagree with the notion of rationalizing,

17:56becoming a multi-planet species with advancements on Earth.

17:58It is good in and of itself.

18:00It is important that we do this,

18:01because eventually there's something we'll do us in.

18:04It might be, in 100 years, it might be in a million years,

18:06but something will do us in.

18:07What it comes down to is, through a civilization,

18:10to surround on Earth until eventually, it is extinguished.

18:13an old life is extinguished, or do we want to get out there and understand the nature of

18:17reality? There are grander things that we should be considering, then the patiness of everyday

18:24life. Right, right. Coming up. Elon Musk explains how the future of innovation could

18:29find itself all wrapped up in a lot of red tape. We do need to be cautious about over-regulating

18:34and actually ultimately limiting the advancement of civilization.

18:38But first, can we take Nataro and I try to escape the inevitable extinction of humanity

18:43in the ultimate futuristic family survival vehicle.

18:46How was that?

18:49So far, we've been walking and talking with Elon Musk,

18:58discussing why humankind needs to head into the heavens.

19:01Even if we're sure Earth would be fine forever,

19:03do you want to be here forever?

19:06But now we're returning to the safety of Terra Fuhrmer,

19:08while it still exists, of course,

19:10with one of the funniest comics working today

19:13who's recently become an unlikely action star,

19:16The one and the only,

19:17Picnotaro.

19:20Now, when she isn't kicking zombie butt

19:22in Zack Snyder's army that dead or traveling

19:24at war speed on Star Trek Discovery,

19:26Pic is bringing audiences belly laughs on stage

19:29or in one of her many stand up specials,

19:31including the completely animated

19:33and hilarious Picnotaro drawn.

19:35I love that this spider lives up there

19:39and it's just like, who is performing tonight?

19:46Not a fan.

19:49Well, I got news for you, spider.

19:50I'm a big fan, and I know you will be too.

19:54You know, I kind of laughed to myself

19:55because I know he was a comic,

19:56and I see you in movies and TV shows

19:58as this badass character now.

20:00But you're very convincing, actually.

20:02Well, thank you.

20:03You like acting?

20:03It's fun.

20:04It's not my go-to like stand up, but I enjoy it.

20:08I remember you had motorcycles like a long time ago.

20:10Are you still right?

20:11I don't.

20:12They are sitting side by side in my garage.

20:15I feel like just getting married, having kids.

20:17I need something that marries badassery and family life.

20:23I think I have the perfect vehicle.

20:25OK.

20:26Just follow me.

20:27Just trust me.

20:28How many guys say that?

20:29I wouldn't know.

20:31Not my wheelhouse.

20:33Ta-da.

20:35Oh, gosh.

20:36I didn't even see that.

20:37This is the ultimate RV.

20:39And that's a word I don't just throw around lightly,

20:42even though I throw around all the time.

20:43Because the super futuristic LTI Earthworm

20:46is every bit of ultimate and more.

20:48OK, it's no starship, but if you have $800,000 lying around,

20:53you can explore the terrain like royalty

20:55in the Earth room with ultra lightweight and complete carbon

20:58fiber cabin.

20:59The chassis is an extremely durable Ford F550

21:03and features a highly capable 330 horsepower 6.7 liter

21:0710 speed turbo diesel engine.

21:09But the most impressive feature here

21:11may just be the rechargeable 11,000 watt hour lithium-ion

21:15battery bank, which combined with the rooftop solar array,

21:18will ensure you never run out of electricity.

21:22This is nice.

21:23Pretty cool, isn't it?

21:24Yes.

21:26Now, if the exterior made your jaw drop,

21:27then I hope somebody brought some extra socks,

21:30because they're about to be knocked completely off.

21:32Between the full kitchen and the wine closet,

21:34enough storage compartment for weeks,

21:36you'll also get a spacious living and sleeping area,

21:38plus a shower toilet combo.

21:40That sounds bad, but it's actually good,

21:42which you can use to take care of all your bathroom

21:45business twice as fast. Just storage everywhere at your trash in there.

21:49Also could be used as a toilet. This could be used as a toilet too.

21:53You seem preoccupied. And look, this is a ladder to help you get into bed.

21:57Oh, well, it was just a matter of time before we ended up in bed together.

22:01That's the way these movies always turn out, you know.

22:04Is this a movie? Yeah, yeah, that's the movie.

22:06Well gosh, whoa. Okay, and this comes down like this. Go ahead.

22:15Thank you.

22:16Oh, gosh.

22:18That's a nice shot, huh?

22:20Oh, I see.

22:22I'm up here, honey.

22:23Yeah.

22:25Watch your head.

22:26Well, this isn't bad.

22:28No, it's not.

22:32I love you.

22:36Your snoring drives me crazy.

22:44Ready to go for a drive?

22:45Yes, I am.

22:46Let's drive to the next place we're going to sleep.

22:48Come on.

22:49Ah.

22:52This is insane.

22:53How does it feel?

22:54It's easy and fun and I just want to like go nuts.

22:57Well the fun thing is you could have your entire family, cats, in-laws and everything back there.

23:02And you right?

23:03And me that's just great.

23:04From here on out, Jay Leno is a part of everything I do.

23:08That's right.

23:09Is it hard work doing action roles?

23:19I mean are you doing a lot of running and jumping kind of stunts or is it mostly just operating machinery?

23:25I guess at 51 running would be a stunt.

23:28Right.

23:29But I've really technically only done one action film,

23:33Army of the Dead.

23:35And they erased an actor from the film

23:39that they had already completely finished production on.

23:43And then Green Screen meet in his place.

23:46And so I had to film the entire movie by myself

23:50for two weeks on a green screen.

23:52And I had to fly a helicopter and fight zombies.

23:55You're just doing this.

23:57Well, I wouldn't say just doing that.

23:59You know what, I mean, but you're acting.

24:02Yeah, I'm like, I'm like,

24:04the teams are going, ah, off to the side,

24:06pretending to be something else.

24:07Yeah, there was no real zombie.

24:09Right, right.

24:10If that's what you're asking.

24:11There you go, right.

24:12Let's try some real off-road.

24:14This does not qualify for bad-assery.

24:16No.

24:17You get a really bad, 10 miles of bad road.

24:20We're going 10 miles an hour.

24:22The question is, do you know how to get to bad-assery?

24:25The road to bad-assery.

24:28Now, we should have no trouble getting to bad assery,

24:30especially when you factor in this thing's massive 95-gallon

24:33diesel fuel tank and 100-gallon capacity

24:35for crisp, clean, drinkable H2O.

24:39Now, is that an insurmountable hill I see ahead?

24:41Ha, ha, ha, ha.

24:42We'll see about that.

24:43Ah!

24:44What's that on?

24:49There you go.

24:50Look at that.

24:51OK.

24:51All right, I think we should put this thing to the test.

24:53I'll go over the back and do some family activities.

24:56I'll make some food, cook some things.

24:58That's all right?

24:59That would be great.

24:59Yeah, let's do it.

25:01All right, Jay.

25:03Hold on, my friend.

25:07What's some cake?

25:08You're making tea.

25:09I'll have some.

25:11I don't know if my cats are going to like this or my wife.

25:16Hope you're not working with knives.

25:18Let me know if you want me to come back there.

25:21I can put it on cruise control.

25:24Take a making you a badass cake.

25:26All right, Jay.

25:26Let me know if there are any bumps coming up.

25:28How's it going?

25:29I want some cake.

25:34Sorry about that. What the hell happened?

25:41Hit a bump.

25:43It better be vegan.

25:46Coming up.

25:47We go no holes barred with Elon Musk.

25:50Watch as he shares his uncensored views on the patent process.

25:54Patents are for the week. There you go.

25:56But first, we'll get an exclusive look at a color changing BMW so futuristic, you won't believe it.

26:02It's now time once again to catch up on some of the all new latest and greatest in futuristic

26:10with Tech Talk.

26:12The vehicle today is a 2022 BMW iX.

26:16I've always been a fan of BMW.

26:18They've always been on the cutting edge a bit.

26:20And this is really cutting edge.

26:22Let me bring in a general help explaining it.

26:24Marcus Brandley.

26:25Marcus, come on in, my friend.

26:27Now, this is the BMW iX flow of featuring e-ink.

26:33Featuring e-ink.

26:35Now, you'll notice this car is great.

26:37This car is great.

26:38But it won't be for long because this 2022 all-electric BMW IEX can completely change

26:44its color with the touch of a button thanks to its phenomenal prototype E-Ink exterior.

26:50I mean it's so incredible you must have to forget there's a highly capable and super

26:53stylish $80,000 SUV hiding under there.

26:58Explain to us how this works.

27:00E-ink is a foil, a center of it,

27:02has millions of micro-capsules within a clear fluid.

27:06You have electrically charged pigment.

27:09And in this particular case of E-ink,

27:12which is a two-ink system,

27:14by using the corresponded electric field,

27:16you will have from black to white

27:19and all the shades of grain between.

27:21See, one of the just may apply to humans,

27:22I could go from denim to tuxedo.

27:25You just want to imagine if I could just be in a tuxedo.

27:28Yeah, or main peenie or something, yeah.

27:31Well, let's take a ride and change colors out in the road.

27:34Show it looks going down the street.

27:36It's so funny, the eye ink is over shadowed.

27:49The whole car.

27:50Yes, it's true.

27:51But here in extrovert, if you're like a big-time rapper or something,

27:54this is better than a rapper.

27:56Oh, it's the rapper, the rapper.

27:58Well, Marcus, thank you very much for bringing this to us.

28:02It's great to see.

28:03Thank you, my friend.

28:04No, thank you.

28:05That's great.

28:06It's great.

28:07Great.

28:11Now it's time to meet back up with Elon Musk.

28:15Earlier in the show, we got a look at some of the amazing things

28:17Elon and his SpaceX crew have been building

28:20for their incredibly ambitious Mars mission down

28:23at the Starbase facility in Southern Texas.

28:25So we've built this giant, meccazilla tower

28:27to lift and catch these gigantic rocket parts.

28:30I think it'll work, but it might take a few tries.

28:33We've seen the sleek and sturdy Starship

28:35and beheld the massive super heavy booster.

28:38But as of any great business, it's

28:39all about location, location, location.

28:42So it definitely begs the question.

28:44Why would Texas?

28:46We needed a place that was out of the way,

28:48because these are giant rockets, and they sometimes explode.

28:51So it needed to be a remote location,

28:54and it also needed to be on the ocean or on the sea,

28:57southward and facing east.

28:58So when you launch eastward, you take advantage

29:00of Earth's rotation to get to orbit,

29:02and you want to launch over the water in case something goes

29:05wrong, and you don't like land luck rocket debris on people.

29:08Right.

29:08Now while Elon and the SpaceX crew have all been extremely busy building rockets and streamlining

29:13their process to make it more cost effective, they have also had to overcome a ton of hurdles

29:19to build up this amazing facility in record time.

29:23Tell me about regulations and red tape and all that kind of nonsense.

29:27How big a part of the problem is all that?

29:29It's something that we should be worried about is that the rules and regulations get more

29:34and more every year.

29:36In the past, war has wiped away bad rules and regulations, but also we prefer not to have

29:41war as the means of getting rid of rules and regulations.

29:44In the absence of that, what happens is there are more laws and regulations every single year,

29:49and eventually we won't be able to do anything.

29:52So we do need to be cautious about over-regulating and having too many rules and regulations, basically

29:58stopping innovation and actually ultimately limiting the advancement of civilization.

30:03And these are some of the rockets here.

30:06Yeah.

30:07And these are all manufactured on site here?

30:09No, these are made in California.

30:10Oh, these are made in California, okay.

30:12But SpaceX.

30:13SpaceX.

30:14Yeah, I mean, you make them.

30:15Yeah, we make actually the engine.

30:16Okay.

30:17It's the highest hammer pressure engine ever done operationally.

30:18By any standard, the most advanced engine ever made.

30:21And how quickly can you turn out one of these?

30:23We make them one a day.

30:24Wow, one a day, that's pretty amazing.

30:26Is there one thing you're most proud of, one particular achievement or one piece of

30:31manufacturing or design?

30:33I mean the most counterintuitive thing is making the rocket out of steel probably.

30:37Yeah, we use 300 series stainless steel.

30:39Is that something you patent?

30:40No, we don't really patent things.

30:42Oh really? No.

30:43I don't care about patents.

30:44Oh, okay.

30:45It tells us that we open source to a lot of patents.

30:47Anyone can use them.

30:47That's what I mean.

30:48So you...

30:48Patents are for the week.

30:49Yeah, you share.

30:50There you go.

30:51You know, the problem is like patents are generally used as a blocking technique.

30:55Right.

30:55They're like using like land mines in warfare.

30:58Right.

30:58So they don't actually help advance things.

31:01They just stop others from following you,

31:04and most patents are BS.

31:06Any lessons from Tesla that you adopted just SpaceX?

31:09Well, the automotive industry is very good at manufacturing,

31:12and the rocket industry is good at advanced materials

31:15and making things light.

31:15So that's where the cross-pollination is most useful,

31:18is taking manufacturing techniques from automotive,

31:20applying them to rockets,

31:22taking advanced materials and design from rockets

31:25and applying it to cars.

31:26Well, Elon, I know you're very busy.

31:28I know the phones ring and the people who drive you quickly.

31:30Thank you, my friend.

31:31Thank you.

31:32Thank you for being such an inspiration

31:33and inspiring so many young people

31:35to get into engineering and science.

31:37I unfortunately have to rush to read it.

31:38Go, go, let's go, go.

31:39Thank you, bye.

31:40Oh yeah.

31:41Thank you.

31:42All right, thanks.

31:43I'll take care of this rocket stuff from here on in.

31:47Coming up.

31:48Skateboarding icon Tony Hawk takes a few pages out

31:51of Elon's playbook and turns his classic Corvette

31:54into a futureized electric icon.

31:57I have this unconscious desire to downshift so badly.

32:00And later, this old bird will teach Tony Hawk some new tricks.

32:05Stay tuned.

32:11You know, long before Elon Musk set his sights on Mars

32:13and the stars, his team at Tesla already

32:16had everyone playing catch-up after they totally

32:18revolutionized the electric car market.

32:21Elon's Tesla changed the way we look at electrics,

32:24making them sleek or faster and far more efficient

32:27than ever before.

32:28And now, their state-of-the-art electric motors

32:31are even upending it all new or should,

32:32It's a older market, hot rock.

32:36And my next guess is just dying to show me the one he put

32:38in his own classic Stingray Corvette.

32:41Now you haven't seen this car in like three years, right?

32:44Just about, yeah.

32:45I gave it to EV West in hopes of doing something,

32:49and then delays and COVID.

32:51But here it is.

32:52Looks great.

32:53And here's Tony Hawk.

32:55As a pioneer of modern vertical skateboarding,

32:57for decades, Tony helps set the standard for aerial excellence

33:01in the sport.

33:02over his prestigious 17-year career.

33:04He won too many championships to count.

33:06And now, when he isn't appearing all over TV,

33:09he's probably at home playing his own video games.

33:11In fact, his first title, Pro Skater,

33:13generated over one billion revenue,

33:15making it one of the most successful games of all time.

33:19And now let's take a look at his electric Corvette conversion.

33:23Well, let's go ahead and think what we have here.

33:25It's a 64 Corvette.

33:27But not just any old 64 Corvette convertible.

33:30It's old gas-guzzling 327 V8 has been replaced

33:33and futureized with an eco-friendly,

33:35rear-mounted 300 horsepower Tesla's small drive motor.

33:39The good news is you won't have to shout

33:40at $70,000 price tag to your passengers

33:43over the roar of the engine,

33:44because this thing can now deliver

33:45over 2,270 foot-pounds of whisper-quiet torque.

33:50So you bought it and it had the 327,

33:52probably with a four-bar all 300 horse?

33:54Yeah.

33:55Was it a manual or automatic when you had it?

33:57Manual.

33:58A manual.

33:58I'd open the hood, but there's nothing under here except batteries,

34:01because the engine is in the back.

34:03But we could still open it up just to piss off all the purists.

34:06All right, yeah.

34:07All right, let's open the hood.

34:08Let's see what we got.

34:12Oh, look at that.

34:13Oh, wow.

34:14Oh.

34:16Ooh.

34:17Looks like a coffin.

34:19Yeah, not a lot to see under here.

34:21And we can't even see the motor, because the back doesn't open up there.

34:25It's all smoke and mirrors.

34:27But again, this can be converted back at some point.

34:30Yes, if you have grandchildren, my grandpa,

34:33he mistakenly made it electric.

34:35You know.

34:37So, all right, very nice.

34:40Cool.

34:41So how are the car guys responding to this?

34:44I don't think the Corvette purists are going to like this

34:47very much, but I've never been one to hold on to just all

34:50the original parts.

34:52Right.

34:52We still have them.

34:53Right.

34:54And you can go back.

34:54Nothing's been cut.

34:56Yes.

34:56The frame hasn't been modified.

34:58You can put the original engine transmission back in

35:00So my apologies to all the GM purists out there.

35:04They will hunt you down.

35:05I realize that, yeah.

35:07Well, let's see what you got.

35:08All right.

35:10So your first 25 feet.

35:13Feels good.

35:14Yeah.

35:15Same steering.

35:16Same steering.

35:17Yeah.

35:18Well, everything else is the same.

35:19Yeah, it does.

35:20All you've got is change a matter of propulsion.

35:21Might even feel faster than the stock Corvette.

35:23I'll let you know in a second.

35:25How does the handling feel?

35:37Very similar.

35:38Very similar to your arm.

35:39Very similar.

35:40It feels the same as it did.

35:42I have this unconscious desire to switch gears.

35:45That's funny.

35:46Yeah.

35:47Like right now, I want to downshift so badly.

35:48That's funny.

35:49So what was your first automobile?

35:51What did you learn to drive on?

35:53I learned to drive a 1977 Civic CBCC hatchback.

35:57Oh, that's a nice little car.

35:58Yeah, it was cool.

35:59That's...

36:00Stick for automatic.

36:01Stick.

36:02Ah, stick too.

36:03Yeah, go.

36:04My dad wouldn't have it any other way.

36:05bought the car for $1,500 and he drove it to Tijuana,

36:10had a painted red for my birthday.

36:11That's funny.

36:12Was he a real car guy or dad?

36:14He wanted me to learn how to tune up my car.

36:16Right.

36:17Which I didn't learn.

36:19But.

36:20Now as a kid, did your parents ever think,

36:23well, let's get this skateboarding nonsense out of his head

36:26and get a real job as an insurance salesman or something?

36:28They were surprisingly supportive.

36:30Yeah?

36:31Yeah.

36:31My dad passed away in 95.

36:33I was right before I had my big waves of success.

36:36Right.

36:36But my mom, she used to literally stop strangers

36:39in the airport and say, my son is Tony Hawk.

36:42That's funny.

36:43It's nice when I'm not with her.

36:44But when I was with her, it's awkward.

36:45Yeah, yeah.

36:46What did your dad do?

36:47He was in the Navy during World War II.

36:50Wow.

36:51And then he retired in San Diego.

36:53It was kind of a jack of all trades.

36:55So he did a lot of handyman work.

36:57He worked on cars.

36:58He actually formed the National Skateboard Association

37:01when there was no governing or sanctioning body

37:04for skate events.

37:05Oh, is that right?

37:05Yeah, so he was the biggest supporter.

37:07Oh, that's pretty cool.

37:08What next for you? What are you doing?

37:18You know, we have our foundation.

37:19Yeah, tell me about the foundation.

37:20Foundation helps to build public skate parks

37:23in low income areas.

37:24Right.

37:25In underserved areas, we've been doing it 20 years

37:28as of this year.

37:28Helped to fund over 900 skate parks.

37:31Well, congratulations on all your success.

37:33It's pretty amazing.

37:33Oh, thank you.

37:34Tony, thank you, my friend.

37:35All right, no worries.

37:36I'll do some more electrons.

37:38Coming up.

37:41The Donald LaVaz is back and he's brought three all new incredible vehicles along to

37:46assess and caress.

37:48That is our exercise in this segment.

37:51And be sure to stick around and watch me turn Tony Hawk's whole world upside down.

37:55Oh!

37:56For more cool cars go to jlonzgarage.cnbc.com

38:01Fuck off folks it's time to assess and caress with the love bullet.

38:12Okay, we have three vehicles today from one of my favorite places, the Audrain Automotive Museum in Newport, Rhode Island.

38:19Something connects these cars somehow.

38:22I think they're all cool. They're all unique. Donald, what is the connection here?

38:26Well, Jay, we're here with you and acknowledged Icon because these are three icons.

38:33Then why are you here?

38:36I am a legend.

38:38A legend, okay.

38:39We've got a 1965 Shelby GT350, a 1970 Porsche 946,

38:46and a 1963 Corvette 327 Coupe.

38:50So we're gonna start here with the GT350.

38:53Of course, you, as the owner of a GT350,

38:55know how incredibly special this car is.

38:58The work that was done, not simply to give it more power,

39:01but to make it handle the lowered suspension,

39:04the better Borg Warner gearbox.

39:06And had the aluminum cases rather than, yeah.

39:09Exactly.

39:10And this is a car that people think of American cars

39:13of this period as being cars that may go fast,

39:15but they don't handle.

39:16This car does everything you want a sports car to do.

39:19You know, a lot of times that first generation just gets it right.

39:22And this is a classic case of getting it right the first time.

39:25Let's talk about the Corvette.

39:26And of course, this has to be referred to as the split window,

39:29because that's what set the 63 apart.

39:32To this day, I still think it's the most beautiful Corvette.

39:35It's very rare that a hard top sometimes is better looking

39:38than the convertible.

39:39But to me, this was so cool because the doors cut into the

39:43roof kind of race car style.

39:45And this split window, which Bill Mitchell loved, and

39:48Arca's Duntov, who was, of course, Mr. Corvette, who was

39:52the race guy, he hated it.

39:54He couldn't see out of it.

39:55And they had a huge fight.

39:56And Mitchell's, I will do it for one year.

39:58And of course, it became the icon.

39:59One of the things I'm sure that also drove Dunt of Crazy were

40:02the fake grills in the hood.

40:04right now what happened with these at extremely high speeds above 130 the front

40:09end would lift the air would get under it

40:11so these were supposed to be open

40:13so the air could come out and keep the car on the ground but

40:16it costs too much

40:18to poke all the holes or to drill them or whatever you do

40:21so they just put these covers on here which done talks it just was crazy

40:25you know imagine somebody

40:26taking your thing and all you can't do that

40:29yeah so

40:30it was it needs that mascara

40:33i mean dantoff really gave corvette the name but he was constantly fighting with

40:37quote the bean counters i i don't think you have that problem today

40:41because everybody is an engineer now

40:43right american car companies everybody the old days it was bob from a tag this

40:47is jim from liga tobacco with this is so whatever might be

40:50you know but that now they're all engineers and they understand the value

40:54of engineering

40:55so let's talk about the last of our trio here the porsa

40:58pretty controversial car

41:00you know the trouble with these when they came out the idea was to build

41:04a lower price portion

41:05but that's the very interesting thing about

41:07this car and the fact that it was a joint venture between folks walking and

41:11portion

41:12and the idea was that

41:14folks are going to get a car to replace the car and get a car that they

41:17could sell at a lower price

41:19than the nine eleven to broaden their market i think that the design of this

41:22car is absolutely brilliant because the designer was tasked with

41:26the role of creating a car that did not look like a folks walking

41:30or look like a Porsche, and in Europe they market it as a VW Porsche, and they realized

41:36that in the United States no one was going to buy a Porsche that had a VW badge on it,

41:41but nonetheless I think it's a very special car and I think they did a remarkable job

41:45with it.

41:46But this still has the problem Porsche always had, it's not a 911.

41:51Okay so which one has appreciated most in the last five years?

41:55That is correct, that is our exercise in this segment, and your thoughts, Mr. Lenna.

41:59Okay.

42:00Mine goes Shelby first,

42:02Corvette second, Porsche third.

42:05So in our signal orange sandwich on white bread,

42:09you're picking the top slice,

42:13the bottom slice,

42:14and then the meat in the middle.

42:16Right in the middle, right, right.

42:18Five years ago, this Shelby might've been $425,000.

42:22Today, it would cost $500,000 at least to get one.

42:25Okay.

42:26The Corvette five years ago,

42:27would have been about $200,000,

42:30and that today would be about $275.

42:33The Porsche five years ago would have been about $95,000,

42:37and today it'd be $160,000.

42:40Yeah, okay, I can see the technical.

42:41Yeah, yeah, okay, all right.

42:43Kick a wheeze.

42:44Ah, I'll give you that.

42:46200 grand, really?

42:47200 grand.

42:48That's what they're going for.

42:49Time to sell yours.

42:49I gotta get out more, I'm stuck in the garage.

42:52Ha, ha, ha.

42:57Now, before we go, there's just one more thing I need to do.

43:00We're at Tony Hawk's warehouse.

43:02This is half pipe where he practices,

43:04and I'm ready to give it a shot.

43:06Are you sure about that?

43:07Yeah.

43:08Well, how old do you think I am?

43:10But you like 78?

43:11No, I'm only 72.

43:13Oh, okay, you're good then.

43:15Yeah, of course.

43:16Good. Let's give it a shot.

43:17Good luck.

43:18Lean forward.

43:19I guess he's not too old.

43:34Amazing.

43:43I'm a little out of practice, but...

43:45Yeah.

43:46Yeah.

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